Absolute PWAT
GFS · Run 12Z 15 Oct · +0 h · Valid Thu 12Z 15 Oct
Region Northwest
United States
Europe
The readings under the map are for the whole map, not only the part shown.
GFS · Run 12Z 15 Oct · +0 h · Valid Thu 12Z 15 Oct
Deepest column 2.44 in at 20.0N 108.75W
Deepest column 2.70 in, 185 mi WSW of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.94 in at 20.0N 108.5W
Deepest column 2.70 in at 20.25N 108.5W
Deepest column 2.81 in, 170 mi SSE of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.68 in, 165 mi S of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.54 in, 95 mi S of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.50 in, 25 mi NW of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.51 in near Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.57 in, 65 mi NNE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.55 in, 75 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.61 in, 75 mi NE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.55 in, 100 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.57 in, 85 mi NE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.60 in, 130 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.59 in, 110 mi ENE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.53 in, 80 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.46 in near Izamal, Mexico
Deepest column 2.41 in, 25 mi W of Halachó, Mexico
Deepest column 2.47 in, 165 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.59 in, 90 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.61 in, 50 mi NE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.47 in, 20 mi N of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.43 in, 50 mi NNE of Nuevitas, Cuba
Deepest column 2.37 in, 35 mi NNW of Nuevitas, Cuba
Deepest column 2.36 in, 115 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.37 in, 20 mi S of Santiago Ixcuintla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.40 in near Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.43 in, 40 mi NW of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.34 in, 70 mi WSW of Tuxpan, Mexico
Deepest column 2.39 in, 25 mi W of Compostela, Mexico
Deepest column 2.41 in, 45 mi NNE of Monte Cristi, Dominican Republic
Deepest column 2.50 in, 65 mi NE of Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic
Deepest column 2.69 in, 135 mi NW of Grand Turk, Turks and Caicos Islands
Deepest column 2.70 in, 125 mi NW of Grand Turk, Turks and Caicos Islands
Deepest column 2.74 in, 175 mi N of Grand Turk, Turks and Caicos Islands
Deepest column 2.88 in, 70 mi N of Grand Turk, Turks and Caicos Islands
Deepest column 2.86 in at 26.0N 69.5W
Deepest column 2.89 in at 28.0N 68.25W
Deepest column 2.83 in at 29.5N 66.75W
Deepest column 2.68 in at 27.75N 68.25W
Deepest column 2.61 in at 28.25N 67.0W
Deepest column 2.61 in, 155 mi NNE of San Juan, Puerto Rico
Deepest column 2.54 in, 155 mi NNE of San Juan, Puerto Rico
Deepest column 2.52 in, 130 mi NE of San Juan, Puerto Rico
Deepest column 2.57 in, 145 mi NNE of San Juan, Puerto Rico
Deepest column 2.51 in, 110 mi NNE of San Juan, Puerto Rico
Deepest column 2.34 in, 125 mi N of San Juan, Puerto Rico
Deepest column 2.37 in, 125 mi N of Arecibo, Puerto Rico
Deepest column 2.58 in at 28.75N 65.0W
Deepest column 2.45 in at 21.75N 66.75W
Deepest column 2.39 in, 120 mi E of Nassau, The Bahamas
Deepest column 2.42 in at 28.25N 71.75W
Deepest column 2.52 in, 160 mi ENE of Freeport, The Bahamas
Deepest column 2.47 in at 28.25N 76.0W
Deepest column 2.45 in at 29.25N 77.25W
Deepest column 2.49 in at 20.0N 108.25W
Deepest column 2.49 in, 155 mi WSW of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.67 in, 155 mi WSW of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.85 in, 170 mi WSW of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.87 in, 180 mi W of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.91 in at 20.5N 108.25W
Deepest column 2.90 in, 160 mi SE of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.97 in, 160 mi SSE of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.89 in, 165 mi S of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
One GFS run, issued 12Z 15 Oct — played forward 6 hours at a time, from the analysis to 384 hours out.
Methodology
PWAT — precipitable water — is how much water vapour the air overhead holds, as the depth of water it would make if it all fell at once.
Six-hourly to 384 hours. GFS forecasts out to 384 hours.
The colours are a depth scale, the same everywhere: the cream band is a depth, not a normal. The same column is deep for Salt Lake City and shallow for Miami, so this map cannot say whether the air is unusual — the Relative to normal chart ranks each place against its own record, and that is the one to read for that.
GFS files this field as PWAT and ECMWF as total column water vapour, the same quantity. Uncorrected model output.
This map is drawn from model output we store ourselves, not from anyone's picture of it, and is based on data and products of NOAA. The per-city read of the same day — which cities the models are fighting about, and what the discussion makes of it — is on the national page. Every model's full forecast for any of these cities, or anywhere else, is in the beta: request an invite; it's free during the beta.
Sources and licences
- NOAA: GFS, from NOAA's NOMADS server. US government data, not subject to copyright (NOAA/NWS terms of use).
What we change: each field is cropped to the frame these maps share when we download it, and each map then smooths, contours, differences or ranks those numbers as its Methodology says. These are our maps of the providers' numbers, not their products, and none of them has reviewed or endorsed this site.
Coastlines, borders, lakes and place names: Natural Earth, public domain.