Absolute PWAT
Region Midwest
United States
Europe
The readings under the map are for the whole map, not only the part shown.
GFS · Run 18Z 15 Oct · +0 h · Valid Thu 18Z 15 Oct
GFS · Run 18Z 15 Oct · +0 h · Valid Thu 18Z 15 Oct
Deepest column 2.75 in, 185 mi WSW of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.67 in at 20.25N 108.25W
Deepest column 2.83 in, 180 mi SSE of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.73 in, 110 mi SSE of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.64 in, 100 mi SSE of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.60 in, 80 mi S of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico
Deepest column 2.55 in, 30 mi SW of Santiago Ixcuintla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.48 in, 35 mi E of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.49 in, 95 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.55 in, 85 mi E of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.61 in, 95 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.60 in, 95 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.59 in, 80 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.51 in, 70 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.40 in, 65 mi NNE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.40 in, 40 mi S of Nassau, The Bahamas
Deepest column 2.41 in, 110 mi SSW of Nassau, The Bahamas
Deepest column 2.35 in at 29.0N 68.75W
Deepest column 2.39 in near Progreso, Mexico
Deepest column 2.41 in at 21.5N 93.0W
Deepest column 2.48 in at 21.25N 93.25W
Deepest column 2.54 in, 115 mi NE of Tuxpam, Mexico
Deepest column 2.64 in, 55 mi SE of Ciudad Madero, Mexico
Deepest column 2.49 in, 140 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.51 in, 95 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.36 in, 55 mi ESE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.27 in, 25 mi W of Compostela, Mexico
Deepest column 2.22 in, 35 mi N of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.21 in at 21.75N 66.25W
Deepest column 2.40 in near Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic
Deepest column 2.46 in, 30 mi ENE of Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic
Deepest column 2.55 in, 20 mi NNE of Grand Turk, Turks and Caicos Islands
Deepest column 2.69 in, 145 mi NNW of Grand Turk, Turks and Caicos Islands
Deepest column 2.93 in at 24.75N 72.25W
Deepest column 2.87 in at 25.5N 71.25W
Deepest column 2.86 in, 110 mi NNE of Grand Turk, Turks and Caicos Islands
Deepest column 2.88 in at 24.25N 69.5W
Deepest column 2.85 in at 25.5N 67.75W
Deepest column 2.84 in at 25.75N 66.25W
Deepest column 2.77 in at 29.25N 65.0W
Deepest column 2.70 in at 28.75N 71.25W
Deepest column 2.60 in at 23.5N 65.0W
Deepest column 2.60 in at 23.25N 65.0W
Deepest column 2.57 in at 23.25N 65.0W
Deepest column 2.65 in at 36.75N 66.5W
Deepest column 2.50 in at 38.25N 66.25W
Deepest column 2.39 in, 80 mi SW of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.37 in, 50 mi SSW of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Deepest column 2.38 in, 70 mi ENE of Aldama, Mexico
Deepest column 2.44 in, 40 mi NNE of Tuxpam, Mexico
Deepest column 2.44 in, 70 mi ENE of Tuxpam, Mexico
Deepest column 2.34 in, 40 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.40 in, 95 mi SSW of Panama City, Florida
Deepest column 2.38 in, 45 mi SE of Apalachicola, Florida
Deepest column 2.32 in, 100 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.41 in, 110 mi N of Paraíso, Mexico
Deepest column 2.43 in, 55 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.37 in, 110 mi N of Paraíso, Mexico
Deepest column 2.31 in, 110 mi N of Paraíso, Mexico
Deepest column 2.37 in, 110 mi ENE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.43 in, 95 mi NE of Veracruz, Mexico
Deepest column 2.18 in, 85 mi E of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.20 in, 70 mi ENE of Nautla, Mexico
Deepest column 2.18 in at 28.25N 65.0W
Deepest column 2.21 in, 110 mi N of Isla Mujeres, Mexico
One GFS run, issued 18Z 15 Oct — played forward 6 hours at a time, from the analysis to 384 hours out.
Methodology
PWAT — precipitable water — is how much water vapour the air overhead holds, as the depth of water it would make if it all fell at once.
Six-hourly to 384 hours. GFS forecasts out to 384 hours.
The colours are a depth scale, the same everywhere: the cream band is a depth, not a normal. The same column is deep for Salt Lake City and shallow for Miami, so this map cannot say whether the air is unusual — the Relative to normal chart ranks each place against its own record, and that is the one to read for that.
GFS files this field as PWAT and ECMWF as total column water vapour, the same quantity. Uncorrected model output.
This map is drawn from model output we store ourselves, not from anyone's picture of it, and is based on data and products of NOAA. The per-city read of the same day — which cities the models are fighting about, and what the discussion makes of it — is on the national page. Every model's full forecast for any of these cities, or anywhere else, is in the beta: request an invite; it's free during the beta.
Sources and licences
- NOAA: GFS, from NOAA's NOMADS server. US government data, not subject to copyright (NOAA/NWS terms of use).
What we change: each field is cropped to the frame these maps share when we download it, and each map then smooths, contours, differences or ranks those numbers as its Methodology says. These are our maps of the providers' numbers, not their products, and none of them has reviewed or endorsed this site.
Coastlines, borders, lakes and place names: Natural Earth, public domain.