The Spread

Which weather model is most accurate in your city?

The Spread — the forecast spread — archives what every major model predicted, then scores those forecasts against what actually happened. The honest headline, most days and most places: it's close. Where nobody leads by more than the noise, this page says so and shows the whole field — a crown won by a tenth of a degree is a coin flip wearing a ribbon. Pick a city:

Every model's typical miss at one day out — one dot per model, every city on one scale.
City The race Verdict Spread today
Atlanta, Georgia ECMWF & AIGFS within 0.12°F
Berlin, State of Berlin GFS & UKMO within 0.27°F 7°F
Boston, Massachusetts GEM & ICON within 0.06°F
Buffalo, New York ICON & UKMO within 0.02°F
Charlotte, North Carolina ECMWF & AIGFS within 0.05°F
Chicago, Illinois ICON & GFS within 0.14°F
Dallas, Texas UKMO & AIGFS within 0.15°F
Denver, Colorado UKMO & ECMWF within 0.01°F
Detroit, Michigan UKMO & ICON within 0.04°F
Houston, Texas GEM & ICON within 0.06°F
London, England ICON & GFS within 0.24°F 5°F
Los Angeles, California ECMWF & GFS within 0.28°F
Miami, Florida ICON & UKMO within 0.16°F
Milan, Lombardy ICON & AIGFS within 0.36°F 3°F
Minneapolis, Minnesota UKMO & ECMWF within 0.18°F
New Orleans, Louisiana ICON by 0.65°F over AIGFS
New York, New York AIFS by 0.76°F over ECMWF
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma AIGFS & ECMWF within 0.1°F 3°F
Orlando, Florida AIGFS by 0.51°F over UKMO 9°F
Paris, Île-de-France Region AIGFS & UKMO within 0.1°F 7°F
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania AIFS & UKMO within 0.1°F
Phoenix, Arizona ECMWF & GFS within 0.29°F
Salt Lake City, Utah GFS & GEM within 0.1°F 3°F
San Antonio, Texas ECMWF & UKMO within 0.14°F
San Diego, California GEM & GFS within 0.03°F
San Francisco, California ECMWF & AIFS within 0.32°F
Seattle, Washington UKMO & GEM within 0.03°F 6°F
St. Louis, Missouri ECMWF & ICON within 0.01°F
Tampa, Florida AIGFS by 0.42°F over ICON
Washington, District of Columbia GEM & UKMO within 0.14°F

What one scored day looks like

The most recent day we settled, whichever way it went — not the one that flatters the models.

14 days out, 4 models put Oklahoma City's Sun Sep 6 high anywhere from 74° to 109°; by the final call they had settled to a median of 100°. It hit 102° — GFS landed closest, off 0.1°.

Each bar is the full range of the models still forecasting that day, in °F; the rule is what the OKC observations recorded. This one opened 35° wide and closed to 2°. Across every day we have scored, the range narrows even though more models arrive as the day approaches — a median 11.6° at 13 days out with four models, 5.8° on the day with seven. See this day's full receipt →

More scored days

The next-most-recent settled days across the archive — records, not rankings: each bar is the models' opening range, the rule is what happened.

  • Washington · Sun Sep 6

    4 models opened 72–84° at 13 days out; it hit 85° — GFS closest, off 0.1°.

    Full receipt →

  • Tampa · Sun Sep 6

    4 models opened 82–100° at 12 days out; it hit 90° — AIFS closest, off 0.2°.

    Full receipt →

  • St. Louis · Sun Sep 6

    4 models opened 79–98° at 12 days out; it hit 90° — ECMWF closest, off 0.1°.

    Full receipt →

  • Seattle · Sun Sep 6

    4 models opened 63–83° at 14 days out; it hit 74° — GFS closest, off 0.1°.

    Full receipt →

How the scoring works

Each model's 1-, 3-, and 7-day-ahead forecasts are captured from its actual archived runs (nothing is reconstructed after the fact), then verified against each city's truth — its own station's observations where one is pinned, the ECMWF IFS analysis otherwise — once the day has happened. Bias is the signed average error — positive means the model ran warm. The typical miss (MAE) is the average absolute error. Cities join these pages as they join The Spread's archive.

Two things you should know about the yardstick. Where a city is pinned to its own station, models are verified against that thermometer's observed highs outright, and the city page names the station. Everywhere else, truth is the ECMWF IFS analysis — ECMWF's operational product, a grid rather than a thermometer, while two of the seven models scored here are ECMWF's own. Every registry city has been pinned to its station since 2026-08-22, so the grid is the yardstick only for places no thermometer serves, and those pages say so.

The Spread itself is in closed beta — these verification pages and the Updates log are public while the rest of the product is gated. If you want in, ask for an invite — say where you forecast and I will send you one.